Importing Firearms into Canada

Unlike some parts of the United States, Canada has stringent regulations governing the importation and ownership of firearms. There is no 2^nd Amendment or right to bear arms in Canada. This guide provides an overview of the processes, required forms, wait times, and licensing requirements for individuals looking to import and possess firearms in Canada. It also highlights prohibited firearms and provincial variations in regulations.

Importing Firearms into Canada

Required Forms and Documentation:

1. Non-Resident Firearm Declaration (Form RCMP 5589): Non-residents must complete this form to declare firearms upon entry. It serves as a temporary license valid for up to 60 days and can be renewed. The form should be presented in triplicate, unsigned, to a Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) officer upon arrival. A fee of $25 CAD applies.
2. Authorization to Transport (ATT): Depending on the firearm’s classification, an ATT (Form 5490) may be required to transport it within Canada. This is especially pertinent for restricted firearms.
3. Import Permit: Residents importing firearms may need an import permit from Global Affairs Canada, particularly for restricted or prohibited firearms.

Wait Times and Processing:

• At the Border: Processing times can vary. Having all documentation prepared and declaring firearms promptly can expedite the process.
• Import Permits: Obtaining an import permit may take several weeks. It’s advisable to apply well in advance of any planned importation.

Licensing to Possess Firearms in Canada

Firearm Classifications:

1. Non-Restricted: Standard rifles and shotguns used for hunting and sport shooting.
2. Restricted: Handguns and certain rifles/shotguns with specific features.
3. Prohibited: Specific handguns, fully automatic firearms, and others as defined by law.

Licensing Process:

1. Possession and Acquisition License (PAL): Required to possess and acquire non-restricted firearms.
   • Safety Course: Complete the Canadian Firearms Safety Course (CFSC) and pass the related exam.
   • Application (Form RCMP 5592): Submit the PAL application with proof of course completion, personal identification, and payment.
   • Background Check: Includes a review of criminal, mental health, and personal history.
2. Restricted PAL (RPAL): Required for restricted firearms.
   • Additional Course: Complete the Canadian Restricted Firearms Safety Course (CRFSC) and pass the exam.
   • Application: Similar to the PAL process, with additional emphasis on the purpose of acquiring restricted firearms (e.g., target shooting, collection).

Wait Times:

• Processing: PAL and RPAL applications can take several weeks to months. Delays may occur due to background checks or incomplete applications. Staffing and workload can vary.

Firearm Registration Requirements

• Non-Restricted Firearms: Registration is not required.
• Restricted and Prohibited Firearms: Must be registered with the RCMP’s Canadian Firearms Program. Upon approval of your RPAL, the registration process is typically initiated.

Prohibited Firearms

Canada prohibits certain firearms, including:

• Fully automatic firearms.
• Specific handguns with short barrels or in certain calibers.
• Firearms adapted from rifles or shotguns to be less than a specific length.

A comprehensive list is available through the RCMP.

Provincial Variations

While federal laws govern firearm possession and use, provinces may have additional regulations:

• Quebec: Maintains its own firearm registry for non-restricted firearms.
• Ontario and Others: May have specific hunting regulations affecting firearm use.

It’s essential to consult provincial authorities for localized requirements.

Navigating Canada’s firearm importation and ownership regulations requires careful adherence to federal and provincial laws. Ensure all forms are accurately completed, apply for necessary licenses well in advance, and stay informed about specific provincial regulations to ensure compliance.